Centos7/RHEL7雙網(wǎng)卡綁定的方法
發(fā)布日期：2022-07-28 12:40 | 文章來源：腳本之家
1. 簡要
雙網(wǎng)卡綁定技術(shù)在centos7中使用了teaming技術(shù)，而在rhel6/centos7中使用的是bonding技術(shù)，在centos7中雙網(wǎng)卡綁定既能使用teaming也可以使用bonding，這里推薦使用teaming技術(shù)，方便與查看和監(jiān)控。
2. 原理
這里介紹兩種最常見的雙網(wǎng)卡綁定模式：
（1） roundrobin - 輪詢模式
所有鏈路處于負載均衡狀態(tài)，這種模式的特點增加了帶寬，同時支持容錯能力。
（2） activebackup - 主備模式
一個網(wǎng)卡處于活動狀態(tài)，另一個處于備份狀態(tài)，所有流量都在主鏈路上處理，當(dāng)活動網(wǎng)卡down掉時，啟用備份網(wǎng)卡。
3. 基礎(chǔ)環(huán)境
系統(tǒng)：centos7
在centos7中，關(guān)閉虛擬機添加網(wǎng)卡，再開啟虛擬機，系統(tǒng)是不會自動生成網(wǎng)卡的配置文件：
在centos7中要生成網(wǎng)卡配置文件的方法很簡單，使用如下命令：
# 查看物理網(wǎng)卡信息 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli dev DEVICE TYPE STATE CONNECTION eno16777736 ethernet connected eno16777736 eno33554984 ethernet connected Wired connection 1 eno50332208 ethernet connected Wired connection 2 lo loopback unmanaged --
上面的信息可以看到，一共有四張網(wǎng)卡，其中l(wèi)o是本地回環(huán)網(wǎng)卡，另外三張為物理網(wǎng)卡。
# 查看網(wǎng)卡連接信息 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE Wired connection 2 9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec 802-3-ethernet eno50332208 Wired connection 1 47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
上面的信息可以查看到一共有3個連接，其中兩個有線連接，表示沒有設(shè)置過的網(wǎng)卡連接，還有一個enoxx連接。接下來要修改兩個有線連接的命名方法，并生成網(wǎng)卡配置文件：
# 首先，刪除兩個無用的有線連接 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del 9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec Connection 'Wired connection 2' (9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec) successfully deleted. [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del 47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950 Connection 'Wired connection 1' (47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950) successfully deleted.
# 再次創(chuàng)建新的連接并生成配置文件 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli conn add type ethernet con-name eno50332208 ifname eno50332208 Connection 'eno50332208' (eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c) successfully added. [root@localhost ~]# nmcli conn add type ethernet con-name eno33554984 ifname eno33554984 Connection 'eno33554984' (32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003) successfully added.
# 最后，查看下 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208 [root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno* -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 394 Nov 26 05:59 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 288 Dec 26 08:44 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno33554984 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 288 Dec 26 08:44 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno50332208
網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接和配置文件都成功生成了。 接下來通過eno33554984 和 eno50332208 使用teaming模式進行雙網(wǎng)卡綁定
4. roundrobin模式：
roundrobin模式也稱為輪詢模式，它 基于每一個包 ，當(dāng)某一臺服務(wù)器的兩張網(wǎng)卡設(shè)置為roundrobin模式teaming，此時服務(wù)器發(fā)出的數(shù)據(jù)包，就會在兩個物理網(wǎng)卡上進行輪詢，即第一個數(shù)據(jù)包走一張網(wǎng)卡，第二個數(shù)據(jù)包走第二張網(wǎng)卡，依次輪詢。
注意：
（1）roundrobin具有容錯性，當(dāng)一張網(wǎng)卡down掉，數(shù)據(jù)包依然發(fā)送成功。
（2）在使用roundrobin模式必須要在交換機上做以太通道，不然會出現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)無法連通。
實際操作：
# 使用nmcli命令操作，創(chuàng)建team接口team0，同時設(shè)置teaming模式為roundrobin
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name": "roundrobin"}}'
Connection 'team0' (9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f) successfully added.
# 給接口team0設(shè)置ip地址 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.address '10.0.0.2/24' ipv4.gateway '10.0.0.1' # 設(shè)置為手動模式，取消DHCP [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.method manual
# 將兩張物理網(wǎng)卡加入到team中 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0 Connection 'team0-port1' (22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800) successfully added. [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0 Connection 'team0-port2' (12660d2a-0e1f-41e6-96b2-53de4fc6b78c) successfully added. [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE team0-port2 12660d2a-0e1f-41e6-96b2-53de4fc6b78c 802-3-ethernet -- eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 team0-port1 22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800 802-3-ethernet -- team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0 eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208
# 查看team0的狀態(tài) [root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st setup: runner: roundrobin
4.1 roundrobin問題排查
第一次查看出現(xiàn)的是這樣的結(jié)果，檢查下配置：
# 通過直接查看網(wǎng)卡發(fā)現(xiàn)team0并沒有啟動 [root@localhost ~]# ip a | grep team0 5: team0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN # 使用ifup 啟動team0并沒有成功，繼續(xù)排查 [root@localhost ~]# ifup team0 [root@localhost ~]# ip a | grep team0 5: team0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
直接sysetmctl restart network 也沒有成功。
# 發(fā)現(xiàn)team0-port1 team0-port2沒有添加成功物理網(wǎng)卡，怎么回事呢？ [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE team0-port2 ec96c1e1-d268-4ba1-a2f9-0133a9f02655 802-3-ethernet -- eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 team0-port1 22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800 802-3-ethernet -- team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0 eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208
# 刪除掉 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port1 Connection 'team0-port1' (22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800) successfully deleted. [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port2 Connection 'team0-port2' (ec96c1e1-d268-4ba1-a2f9-0133a9f02655) successfully deleted. # 刪除兩張物理網(wǎng)卡的連接 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0 eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del eno33554984 eno50332208 Connection 'eno33554984' (32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003) successfully deleted. Connection 'eno50332208' (eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c) successfully deleted. # 刪除成功 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
# 再次將兩張物理網(wǎng)卡添加到team [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0 Connection 'team0-port1' (0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d) successfully added. [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0 Connection 'team0-port2' (880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011) successfully added. [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE team0-port1 0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d 802-3-ethernet eno33554984 eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0 team0-port2 880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011 802-3-ethernet eno50332208
現(xiàn)在成功將兩張物理網(wǎng)卡綁定到了team組中
# 現(xiàn)在查看team0的狀態(tài)就出現(xiàn)了，模式是：roundrobin
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno33554984
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
這樣，team模式的roundrobin搭建成功。
總結(jié)：
在做鏈路聚合的時候，所要使用到的物理網(wǎng)卡不能獨立存在連接，也就是在nmcli con sh查看時，不能獨立存在，否則就無法綁定到team模式中。
4.2 測試
因為這里是虛擬機環(huán)境，只能通過down掉網(wǎng)卡進行查看。
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno33554984
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
兩張網(wǎng)卡同時在線，現(xiàn)在down掉其中一張網(wǎng)卡，
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port1
Connection 'team0-port1' (0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
team0-port2 880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011 802-3-ethernet eno50332208
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
這樣就發(fā)現(xiàn)eno33554984網(wǎng)卡已經(jīng)down掉了。
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (59acd6bf-affc-4994-a050-83c45816859a) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno33554984
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
虛擬機環(huán)境就這樣測試了吧，至于生產(chǎn)環(huán)境就直接拔網(wǎng)線，ping測試。
資料有說linux下roundrobin具有容錯的效果，為了測試是否有容錯的效果，虛擬機做了下更改來驗證：
這一次網(wǎng)卡全部改成橋接模式，為了更好的測試是否具有容錯性。
roundrobin已經(jīng)配置完畢。接下來我們down掉一張網(wǎng)卡檢查是否具有容錯性。
通過虛擬機測試，容錯性是存在的。
5. 雙網(wǎng)卡綁定activebackup的實現(xiàn)
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE team0-port2 2a1aa534-e021-4452-bb0a-2002dabcbc08 802-3-ethernet eno50332208 team0-port1 9a10c9ef-ee9c-4151-9a47-59b4668e8934 802-3-ethernet -- eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 team0 c2278f3f-5c6b-4e1d-b925-514d3c3832b6 team team0 [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0 team0-port1 team0-port2 Connection 'team0' (c2278f3f-5c6b-4e1d-b925-514d3c3832b6) successfully deleted. Connection 'team0-port1' (9a10c9ef-ee9c-4151-9a47-59b4668e8934) successfully deleted. Connection 'team0-port2' (2a1aa534-e021-4452-bb0a-2002dabcbc08) successfully deleted. [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736 # 以上操作就刪除了roundrobin模式，恢復(fù)到初始狀態(tài)。
# 添加邏輯網(wǎng)卡team0，并啟用activebackup模式
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name":"activebackup"}}'
Connection 'team0' (f0794e59-419d-4c2a-96b9-464610b6321a) successfully added.
# 綁定ip
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.address 192.168.118.122/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.118.1
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.method manual
# 添加物理網(wǎng)卡到activebackup模式
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (52656904-6e85-4a04-98b4-2b19773fa290) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (44d96e3a-014a-481f-9122-4ca2d3be9f7a) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: activebackup
ports:
eno33554984
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
runner:
active port: eno33554984
成功，處于活動中的網(wǎng)卡為 eno33554984
5.1 測試
通過down掉活動網(wǎng)卡測試網(wǎng)絡(luò)是否仍然處于連通狀態(tài)
測試成功。
注意： 在做網(wǎng)卡綁定的時候，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)物理網(wǎng)卡總是無法綁定到team0，請檢查該物理網(wǎng)卡是否處于up狀態(tài)。
以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持本站。
版權(quán)聲明：本站文章來源標(biāo)注為YINGSOO的內(nèi)容版權(quán)均為本站所有，歡迎引用、轉(zhuǎn)載，請保持原文完整并注明來源及原文鏈接。禁止復(fù)制或仿造本網(wǎng)站，禁止在非www.sddonglingsh.com所屬的服務(wù)器上建立鏡像，否則將依法追究法律責(zé)任。本站部分內(nèi)容來源于網(wǎng)友推薦、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集整理而來，僅供學(xué)習(xí)參考，不代表本站立場，如有內(nèi)容涉嫌侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系alex-e#qq.com處理。
相關(guān)文章
關(guān)注官方微信