Docker+keepalived+nginx實(shí)現(xiàn)主從熱備的方法示例
為解決單點(diǎn)故障，我們需要配置主從熱備方案，服務(wù)器數(shù)量有限，故使用Docker模擬安裝配置。
本次配置默認(rèn)已經(jīng)安裝了Docker。
配置環(huán)境:centos7 64位
docker版本:Docker version 17.12.1-ce, build 7390fc6
1，拉取centos7鏡像
docker pull centos:7
2,創(chuàng)建容器
docker run -it -d --name centos1 -d centos:7
3,進(jìn)入容器centos1
docker exec -it centos1 bash
4,安裝常用工具
yum updateyum install -y vimyum install -y wgetyum install -y gcc-c++ yum install -y pcre pcre-devel yum install -y zlib zlib-devel yum install -y openssl openssl--develyum install -y popt-develyum install -y initscripts yum install -y net-tools
5，將容器打包成新的鏡像，以后直接以該鏡像創(chuàng)建容器
docker commit -a 'cfh' -m 'centos with common tools' centos1 centos_base
6,刪除之前創(chuàng)建的centos1 容器，重新以基礎(chǔ)鏡像創(chuàng)建容器，安裝keepalived+nginx
docker rm -f centos1 #容器內(nèi)需要使用systemctl服務(wù)，需要加上/usr/sbin/init docker run -it --name centos_temp -d --privileged centos_base /usr/sbin/init docker exec -it centos_temp bash 作者：江湖救急 鏈接：https://juejin.im/post/5dc517386fb9a04a9272110b 來源：掘金 著作權(quán)歸作者所有。商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)聯(lián)系作者獲得授權(quán)，非商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。
7,安裝nginx
#使用yum安裝nginx需要包括Nginx的庫，安裝Nginx的庫 rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm # 使用下面命令安裝nginx yum install -y nginx #啟動(dòng)nginx systemctl start nginx.service #查看是否啟動(dòng)成功,出現(xiàn)nginx歡迎界面表示安裝成功 curl 172.17.0.2
8,安裝keepalived
1.下載keepalived wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz
2.解壓安裝：tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
3.下載插件openssl yum install -y openssl openssl-devel（需要安裝一個(gè)軟件包）
4.開始編譯keepalivedcd /usr/local/keepalived-1.2.18/ && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
5.make一下 make && make install
9,將keepalived 安裝成系統(tǒng)服務(wù)
mkdir /etc/keepalivedcp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/然后復(fù)制keepalived腳本文件：cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/可以設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)：chkconfig keepalived on，到此我們安裝完畢! #若啟動(dòng)報(bào)錯(cuò)，則執(zhí)行下面命令 cd /usr/sbin/ rm -f keepalived cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ #常用命令 systemctl daemon-reload 重新加載systemctl enable keepalived.service 設(shè)置開機(jī)自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)systemctl disable keepalived.service 取消開機(jī)自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)systemctl start keepalived.service 啟動(dòng)systemctl stop keepalived.service停止systemctl status keepalived.service 查看服務(wù)狀態(tài)
10,修改/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf文件
#備份配置文件
cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.backup
rm -f keepalived.conf
vim keepalived.conf
#配置文件如下
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
interval 2
weight -20
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 121
mcast_src_ip 172.17.0.6
priority 100
nopreempt
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.17.0.100
}
}
11,添加心跳檢測(cè)文件
vim nginx_check.sh
#以下是腳本內(nèi)容
#!/bin/bash
A=`ps -C nginx –no-header |wc -l`
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
sleep 2
if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
killall keepalived
fi
fi
12,給腳本賦予執(zhí)行權(quán)限
chmod +x nginx_check.sh
13,設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)
systemctl enable keepalived.service #開啟keepalived systemctl start keepalived.service
14,檢測(cè)虛擬IP是否成功,在宿主機(jī)里面執(zhí)行下面命令，如果出現(xiàn)nginx歡迎界面表示成功
curl 172.17.0.100
15，將centos_temp 容器重新打包成鏡像，然后利用這個(gè)新鏡像再創(chuàng)建兩個(gè)容器，實(shí)現(xiàn)熱備效果
docker commit -a 'cfh' -m 'centos with keepalived nginx' centos_temp centos_kn
16,刪除所有容器
docker rm -f `docker ps -a -q`
17，用centos_kn 鏡像創(chuàng)建主服務(wù)器容器
docker run --privileged -tid --name centos_master --restart=always centos_kn /usr/sbin/init docker exec -it centos_master bash
18，修改centos_master里面nginx 歡迎頁,
vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
19,創(chuàng)建從服務(wù)器容器
docker run --privileged -tid --name centos_slave --restart=always centos_kn /usr/sbin/init
docker exec -it centos_slave bash
#修改keepalived.conf 配置文件,主要是state和priority兩個(gè)參數(shù)的調(diào)整，其中master節(jié)點(diǎn)的priority值一定要比slave大才行
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh"
interval 2
weight -20
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state SLAVE
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 121
mcast_src_ip 172.17.0.6
priority 80
nopreempt
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.17.0.100
}
}
20,修改完成之后重新加載
systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart keepalived.service
21,修改nginx歡迎頁（若nginx沒啟動(dòng)則執(zhí)行 systemctl start nginx.service）
vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
22,測(cè)試
A> 分別在宿主機(jī)，centos_master,centos_slave中進(jìn)行一下命令測(cè)試,如果顯示都為Master的歡迎頁面，說明配置成功1/3
curl 172.17.0.100
B> 此時(shí)停止centos_master容器( docker stop centos_master )，保留centos_slave容器，執(zhí)行以下命令,若切換到Slave頁面，則說明keepalived配置成功2/3
curl 172.17.0.100
C> 重啟centos_master 容器，此時(shí)執(zhí)行以下命令,看是從Slave切換到了Master,如果切換成功，說明我們配置到此成功了。
curl 172.17.0.100
說明，測(cè)試過程中，重啟容器之后，nginx沒有啟動(dòng)，需要進(jìn)入容器啟動(dòng)一下，不然訪問不到Master頁面了，但是可以Ping通。
執(zhí)行下面命令，配置nginx隨機(jī)啟動(dòng),這樣不用每次重啟容器還需要手動(dòng)啟動(dòng)nginx
chkconfig nginx on
以上就是整個(gè)配置過程，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持本站。
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