oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫去除重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)常用的方法總結(jié)
創(chuàng)建測試數(shù)據(jù)
create table nayi224_180824(col_1 varchar2(10), col_2 varchar2(10), col_3 varchar2(10)); insert into nayi224_180824 select 1, 2, 3 from dual union all select 1, 2, 3 from dual union all select 5, 2, 3 from dual union all select 10, 20, 30 from dual ; commit; select*from nayi224_180824;
COL_1 | COL_2 | COL_3 |
---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 |
1 | 2 | 3 |
5 | 2 | 3 |
10 | 20 | 30 |
針對指定列,查出去重后的結(jié)果集
distinct
select distinct t1.* from nayi224_180824 t1;
COL_1 | COL_2 | COL_3 |
---|---|---|
10 | 20 | 30 |
1 | 2 | 3 |
5 | 2 | 3 |
方法局限性很大,因為它只能對全部查詢的列做去重。如果我想對col_2,col3去重,那我的結(jié)果集中就只能有col_2,col_3列,而不能有col_1列。
select distinct t1.col_2, col_3 from nayi224_180824 t1
COL_2 | COL_3 |
---|---|
2 | 3 |
20 | 30 |
不過它也是最簡單易懂的寫法。
row_number()
select * from (select t1.*, row_number() over(partition by t1.col_2, t1.col_3 order by 1) rn from nayi224_180824 t1) t1 where t1.rn = 1 ;
COL_1 | COL_2 | COL_3 | RN |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
10 | 20 | 30 | 1 |
寫法上要麻煩不少,但是有更大的靈活性。
針對指定列,查出所有重復(fù)的行
count having
select * from nayi224_180824 t where (t.col_2, t.col_3) in (select t1.col_2, t1.col_3 from nayi224_180824 t1 group by t1.col_2, t1.col_3 having count(1) > 1)
COL_1 | COL_2 | COL_3 |
---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 |
1 | 2 | 3 |
5 | 2 | 3 |
要查兩次表,效率會比較低。不推薦。
count over
select * from (select t1.*, count(1) over(partition by t1.col_2, t1.col_3) rn from nayi224_180824 t1) t1 where t1.rn > 1 ;
COL_1 | COL_2 | COL_3 | RN |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
5 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
只需要查一次表,推薦。
刪除所有重復(fù)的行
delete from nayi224_180824 t where t.rowid in ( select rid from (select t1.rowid rid, count(1) over(partition by t1.col_2, t1.col_3) rn from nayi224_180824 t1) t1 where t1.rn > 1);
就是上面的語句稍作修改。
刪除重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)并保留一條
分析函數(shù)法
delete from nayi224_180824 t where t.rowid in (select rid from (select t1.rowid rid, row_number() over(partition by t1.col_2, t1.col_3 order by 1) rn from nayi224_180824 t1) t1 where t1.rn > 1);
擁有分析函數(shù)一貫的靈活性高的特點。可以為所欲為的分組,并通過改變orderby從句來達到像”保留最大id“這樣的要求。
group by
delete from nayi224_180824 t where t.rowid not in (select max(rowid) from nayi224_180824 t1 group by t1.col_2, t1.col_3);
犧牲了一部分靈活性,換來了更高的效率。
總結(jié)
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