mysql多表聯(lián)合查詢操作實(shí)例分析
本文實(shí)例講述了mysql多表聯(lián)合查詢操作。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：
MySQL多表聯(lián)合查詢是MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的一種查詢方式，下面就為您介紹MySQL多表聯(lián)合查詢的語(yǔ)法，供您參考學(xué)習(xí)之用。
MySQL多表聯(lián)合查詢語(yǔ)法：
mysql版本大于4.0，使用UNION進(jìn)行查詢，示例如下：
SELECT `id`, `name`, `date`, '' AS `type` FROM table_A WHERE 條件語(yǔ)句…… UNION SELECT `id`, `name`, `date`, '未完成' AS `type` FROM table_B WHERE 條件語(yǔ)句…… ORDER BY `id` LIMIT num;
mysql版本小于4.0，需要建立臨時(shí)表，分為三步，示例如下：
第一步：建立臨時(shí)表tmp_table_name并插入table_A中的相關(guān)記錄
第二步：從table_B中取得相關(guān)記錄插入臨時(shí)表tmp_table_name中
第三步：從臨時(shí)表tmp_table_name中取出記錄
SELECT * FROM tmp_table_name ORDER BY id DESC
union和order by、limit區(qū)別分析
代碼示例:
CREATE TABLE `test1` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `desc` varchar(100) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1. 以下查詢會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)誤：[Err] 1221 - Incorrect usage of UNION and ORDER BY
代碼示例:
select * from test1 where name like 'A%' order by name union select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name
修改為：
代碼示例:
select * from test1 where name like 'A%' union select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name
說(shuō)明，在union中，不用括號(hào)的情況下，只能用一個(gè)order by(思考：union兩邊的order by的列名不一樣時(shí)，會(huì)出現(xiàn)什么樣的結(jié)果？),這會(huì)對(duì)union后的結(jié)果集進(jìn)行排序。
修改為：
代碼示例:
(select * from test1 where name like 'A%' order by name) union (select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name)
也是可以的，這兩個(gè)order by在union前進(jìn)行。
2. 同樣
代碼示例:
select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10 union select * from test1 where name like 'B%' limit 20
相當(dāng)于：
代碼示例:
(select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10) union (select * from test1 where name like 'B%') limit 20
即后一個(gè)limit作用于的是union后的結(jié)果集，而不是union后的select。
也可以用括號(hào)括起來(lái)，以得到預(yù)期的結(jié)果：
3. UNION和UNION ALL區(qū)別
union會(huì)過(guò)濾掉union兩邊的select結(jié)果集中的重復(fù)的行，而union all不會(huì)過(guò)濾掉重復(fù)的行。
代碼示例:
(select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10) union (select * from test1 where name like 'B%' limit 20)
下面試一個(gè)年齡段分析的復(fù)雜sql語(yǔ)句
(
SELECT
'5~19' AS `age`,
SUM(`impression`) AS impression,
SUM(`click`) AS click,
sum(`cost`) AS cost
FROM
`adgroup_age_report`
WHERE
(
(
(`age` <= 19)
AND (`adgroup_id` = '61')
)
AND (`date` >= '2015-11-22')
)
AND (`date` <= '2017-02-20')
)
UNION
(
SELECT
'20~29' AS `age`,
SUM(`impression`) AS impression,
SUM(`click`) AS click,
sum(`cost`) AS cost
FROM
`adgroup_age_report`
WHERE
(
(
((`age` <= 29) AND(`age` >= 20))
AND (`adgroup_id` = '61')
)
AND (`date` >= '2015-11-22')
)
AND (`date` <= '2017-02-20')
)
UNION
(
SELECT
'30~39' AS `age`,
SUM(`impression`) AS impression,
SUM(`click`) AS click,
sum(`cost`) AS cost
FROM
`adgroup_age_report`
WHERE
(
(
((`age` <= 39) AND(`age` >= 30))
AND (`adgroup_id` = '61')
)
AND (`date` >= '2015-11-22')
)
AND (`date` <= '2017-02-20')
)
UNION
(
SELECT
'40~49' AS `age`,
SUM(`impression`) AS impression,
SUM(`click`) AS click,
sum(`cost`) AS cost
FROM
`adgroup_age_report`
WHERE
(
(
((`age` <= 49) AND(`age` >= 40))
AND (`adgroup_id` = '61')
)
AND (`date` >= '2015-11-22')
)
AND (`date` <= '2017-02-20')
)
UNION
(
SELECT
'50~59' AS `age`,
SUM(`impression`) AS impression,
SUM(`click`) AS click,
sum(`cost`) AS cost
FROM
`adgroup_age_report`
WHERE
(
(
((`age` <= 59) AND(`age` >= 50))
AND (`adgroup_id` = '61')
)
AND (`date` >= '2015-11-22')
)
AND (`date` <= '2017-02-20')
)
更多關(guān)于MySQL相關(guān)內(nèi)容感興趣的讀者可查看本站專題：《MySQL查詢技巧大全》、《MySQL常用函數(shù)大匯總》、《MySQL日志操作技巧大全》、《MySQL事務(wù)操作技巧匯總》、《MySQL存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程技巧大全》及《MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)鎖相關(guān)技巧匯總》
希望本文所述對(duì)大家MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)計(jì)有所幫助。
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