Sql Server數(shù)據(jù)庫常用Transact-SQL腳本(推薦)
Transact-SQL
Transact-SQL（又稱 T-SQL），是在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase SQL Server 上的 ANSI SQL 實現(xiàn)，與 Oracle 的 PL/SQL 性質(zhì)相近（不只是實現(xiàn) ANSI SQL，也為自身數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)的特性提供實現(xiàn)支持），在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase Adaptive Server 中仍然被使用為核心的查詢語言。
數(shù)據(jù)庫
1、創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫
USE master ; GO CREATE DATABASE Sales ON ( NAME = Sales_dat, FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\saledat.mdf', SIZE = 10, MAXSIZE = 50, FILEGROWTH = 5 ) LOG ON ( NAME = Sales_log, FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\salelog.ldf', SIZE = 5MB, MAXSIZE = 25MB, FILEGROWTH = 5MB ) ; GO
2、查看數(shù)據(jù)庫
SELECT name, database_id, create_date FROM sys.databases ;
3、刪除數(shù)據(jù)庫
DROP DATABASE Sales;
表
1、創(chuàng)建表
CREATE TABLE PurchaseOrderDetail ( ID uniqueidentifier NOT NULL ,LineNumber smallint NOT NULL ,ProductID int NULL ,UnitPrice money NULL ,OrderQty smallint NULL ,ReceivedQty float NULL ,RejectedQty float NULL ,DueDate datetime NULL );
2、刪除表
DROP TABLE dbo.PurchaseOrderDetail;
3、重命名表
EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory', 'SalesTerr';
列
1、添加列
ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exa ADD column_b VARCHAR(20) NULL, column_c INT NULL ;
2、刪除列
ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exb DROP COLUMN column_b;
3、重命名列
EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory.TerritoryID', 'TerrID', 'COLUMN';
約束
1、主鍵
--在現(xiàn)有表中創(chuàng)建主鍵 ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive ADD CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID); --在新表中創(chuàng)建主鍵 CREATE TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive1 ( TransactionID int IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL , CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID) ) ; --查看主鍵 SELECT name FROM sys.key_constraints WHERE type = 'PK' AND OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) = N'TransactionHistoryArchive'; GO --刪除主鍵 ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive DROP CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID; GO
視圖
1、創(chuàng)建視圖
CREATE VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate AS SELECT p.FirstName, p.LastName, e.HireDate FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e JOIN Person.Person AS p ON e.BusinessEntityID = p.BusinessEntityID ; GO
2、刪除視圖
DROP VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate;
存儲過程
1、創(chuàng)建存儲過程
CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName nvarchar(50), @FirstName nvarchar(50) AS SELECT FirstName, LastName, Department FROM HumanResources.vEmployeeDepartmentHistory WHERE FirstName = @FirstName AND LastName = @LastName AND EndDate IS NULL; GO
2、刪除存儲過程
DROP PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest;
3、執(zhí)行存儲過程
EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest N'Ackerman', N'Pilar'; -- Or EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName = N'Ackerman', @FirstName = N'Pilar'; GO -- Or EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @FirstName = N'Pilar', @LastName = N'Ackerman'; GO
4、重命名存儲過程
EXEC sp_rename 'P_UspGetAllEmployeesTest', 'P_UspEveryEmployeeTest2';
5、帶有輸出參數(shù)的存儲過程
CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD @SalesPerson nvarchar(50), @SalesYTD money OUTPUT AS SELECT @SalesYTD = SalesYTD FROM SalesPerson AS sp JOIN vEmployee AS e ON e.BusinessEntityID = sp.BusinessEntityID WHERE LastName = @SalesPerson; RETURN GO --調(diào)用 DECLARE @SalesYTDBySalesPerson money; EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD N'Blythe', @SalesYTD = @SalesYTDBySalesPerson OUTPUT; GO
數(shù)據(jù)類型
總結(jié)
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